资源错配、要素市场总扭曲及福利损失测算*——基于单位要素成本的生产率分解视角

通过引入单位要素成本指标,本文对佩特兰和勒文叟汉（Petrin and Levinsohn）的生产率分解模型进行了拓展,［1］得到了一个更为准确的资源重置效应。利用2000—2007年中国规模以上制造业企业数据,经过测算显示,技术进步和要素市场总扭曲是生产率增长的主要来源;样本期间资源重置对生产率增长的平均贡献仅有324%,且日渐式微。然而资源错配造成的福利损失却依旧占制造业增加值的近2663%。这表明,在现有体制下通过市场自发调节促进要素合理配置的空间已经耗尽,经济结构呈现出一定的“固化”倾向,进一步的资源重置应来自对现有经济结构的改革,以缓解资源错配。本文最后通过测算各地区的资源重置潜力,为区域结构优化提供了一个量化参考。     

船载卫通站天线控制单元引导计算异常的解决

某船载卫通站天线控制单元（ACU）在一次任务海域使用捷联惯导（SINS）作为数据源引导计算时出现了卫星捕获异常情况。针对该问题,从分析船载卫通站卫星捕获原理入手,详细比对了各类引导源的数据格式与异同点,结合以往工程经验进行问题排查定位,提出了相应的解决方案并完成了ACU软件的修改完善和测试验证。试验结果表明,采用所提方法,问题定位准确,解决方案简单有效、可行性强,可为类似问题的解决提供参考。     

Efficiency,Cointegration and Contagion in Equity Markets: Evidence from China,Japan and South Korea*

This paper empirically examines whether three East Asian stock markets, namely, those of China, Japan and South Korea, are individually and/or jointly efficient, and whether contagion exists between the cointegrated markets. While individual market efficiency is examined through testing for the random walk hypothesis, joint market efficiency is examined through testing for cointegration and contagion. The present study finds that the hypothesis of individual market efficiency is strongly rejected for the Chinese stock market, but not for the Japanese and the South Korean stock markets. However, when testing for cointegration, market efficiency is strongly rejected for all these markets. We take a simple case of contagion and find that although there is a long‐term relationship among the three markets, the contagion hypothesis cannot be rejected only between Japanese and South Korean stock markets, indicating short‐run portfolio diversification benefits from these two markets.     

改革开放30年广东省经济增长的实证分析——基于结构突变理论

文章详细剖析结构突变理论并具体表述了内外生结构突变的单位根和趋势稳定的检验。在此基础上,运用结构突变理论,对广东省生产总值指数的数据生成过程进行了实证研究,结果表明,其数据生成过程具备结构突变的趋势平稳过程。同时,利用内、外生结构突变的单位根检验,寻找到其内、外生结构变化点。     

Testing hysteresis effect in U.S. state unemployment: new evidence using a nonlinear quantile unit root test

We revisit hysteresis effect in the unemployment rate of each of the 52 states of the United States using nonlinear quantile unit root test over the period 1976M1–2016M7. Our results indicate that unemployment rate of the U.S. economy as a whole displays hysteresis effect over recessionary periods. Nineteen out of 52 states display hysteresis behaviour over the period 1976–2016. For the remaining 33 states, we find four types of behaviours. Some states display stationarity behaviour almost in all quantiles. Some display hysteresis over recessionary periods and in contrast some display hysteresis over expansion period.     

Re-testing Prebisch–Singer hypothesis: new evidence using Fourier quantile unit root test

The Prebisch–Singer hypothesis in economics asserts that over time the relative price of primary goods relative to manufactured goods should experience a downward trend. To test the hypothesis, we must first establish the unit root properties of the relative price term and then regress the stationary series on a trend term. We use the quantile unit root test which allows for both smooth unknown numbers and the form of breaks in the trend function through a Fourier function to show that the relative price of 23 out of 24 primary goods is stationary. However, the Prebisch–Singer hypothesis is supported only in half of the primary commodities.     

Purchasing Power Parity and the European single currency: Some new evidence

The effect of the single currency on the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) hypothesis is examined in this study for the 15 EU countries, vis a vis the US dollar, before and after the advent of the euro. Standard as well as nonlinear unit root tests are employed on the time series dimension. Unit root tests reject PPP and the highest half-lives are observed after the introduction of the single currency. Panel unit root (Pesaran, 2007) and stationarity tests (Hadri and Kurozumi, 2008) that take into account cross-sectional dependence are also estimated. The results remain inconclusive as panel stationarity tests fail to support PPP whereas panel unit root tests fail to reject PPP for the whole sample and for the period before the introduction of the single currency.     

制约事业单位养老保险制度改革试点的主要因素与破解对策

新一轮事业单位养老保险制度改革试点进展缓慢。究其原因主要是:改革拉低了事业单位的福利标准;只改事业单位不改公务员;法律法规和政策不健全等。要采取切实的政策措施,积极推进事业单位养老保险制度改革:公务员、事业单位与企业三位一体同时改革,构建公平有序的养老保险制度体系;加快事业单位分类改革步伐,分步推进人事工资投入配套改革;建立职业年金制度,实施社会化管理,提高退休收入水平;尽快建立全国养老保险接续制度,实现全国性区域性养老保险运作系统。     

引导学生兴趣,创建英语课堂氛围

大学英语课堂语言环境对学生的学习心理有着重要的影响,英语学习环境影响学生的学习动机,是决定学生学习效果的一个重要因素。通过有意识地对大学英语课堂上语言环境的创设,转变教师与学生在课堂上的地位与角色,有助于正确引导学生学习兴趣,潜移默化地改变学生的学习动机,能有效地实现课堂教学目标。     

“民企二代”接班透析

中国改革开放三十年,民营企业从无到有、由小变大、由弱而强,已经成为国民经济持续发展不可忽视的力量。由于我国＂民企第一代＂创业者们的年龄不断增大,越来越多的＂民企二代＂顺理成章地接过了父辈的重担,他们承上启下成为企业举足轻重的决策者、经营者和管理者。＂民企二代＂肩负着企业变革的重任,他们在厚望中成长,是继往开来的一代。在他们稚嫩的肩膀上,扛着的不仅仅是富豪榜名号,他们的素质事关企业的发展前途,他们将接掌相当比例的社会资源支配权,也会影响到未来中国一段时间内的经济和社会发展。民企传承,是家事,亦是国事。接班质量好坏,攸关企业未来,事关社会发展。